It was built by the Aghlabid prince Abu Abbass Muhammad between 849 and 851. It is home to about 113,000 residents and is dominated by the Great Mosque of Sfax. It is considered one of the few medieval cities in North Africa that maintains its original layout even with all the modifications to its buildings over the decades. It represents the best example of the best preserved Arab-Muslim urbanism in the entire Mediterranean basin. Its monuments have been classified as national historic monuments since 1912.